Revision 3

CURRAN AND SEATON: Power in the media industries comes from the fact that media industries are owned by a small group of people, limiting ideologies that are presented to the audience

Conglomeration- where one company 'buys out' other companies, in order to become more powerful and eliminate competition

DAVID HESMONDHALG: Media industries and the way that they work through horizontal and vertical integration

Horizontal Integration - where an organisation buys others in the same sector, like a publisher focussing purely on magazines

Vertical Integration - where an organisation acquires another organisation in the production chain, such as the producer and distributor being owned by the same company

Digital/Multimedia Integration - where companies buy into other related areas of cultural industry production to ensure cross-promotion

LIVINGSTONE AND LUNDT - Regulation

How have the films you have studied been shaped by economic factors?

Knee-Jerk: 
- Both affected by the factors as SOC was a major release and IDB was an independent film

Knowledge:
- SOC was distributed by Universal, owned by comcast who are second biggest broadcasting company in the world (curran and seaton)
- IDB was by BFI who are a charity governed by Royal charter and BBC films by TV licences
- SOC produced by New Line, owned by Warner Bros which is a Big Six company
- SOC used social media to advertise through #straightouttacompton and meme generators
- IDB used guerilla marketing and #wearealldanielblake was trending
- SOC was high budget with $28-$50 million
- SOC original rating was 18, but was reduced to a 15 when re-edited to reach a larger audience but hard to regulate due to streaming sites
- SOC internationalisation of Universal
- IDB is economically risky due to its content as it is heavily political with its ideologoy


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